Water shortages may be caused by climate change, such as altered weather patterns including droughts or floods, increased pollution and increased human demand and overuse of water. Water scarcity is being driven by two converging phenomena: growing freshwater use and depletion of usable freshwater resources. Overuse, water pollution, lack of infrastructure, and changing weather patterns due to climate change are some of the drivers of water scarcity. The water crisis is a health crisis. Nearly 1 million people die each year from water, sanitation and hygiene-related diseases which could be reduced with access to safe water or sanitation. Access to safe water and sanitation contributes to improved health and helps prevent the spread of infectious disease. Contaminated water can transmit diseases such diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid and polio.

Shashank Shekhar Pathak

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