Microorganisms are found everywhere in the environment and play a leading role in countless natural processes. Among other things, they operate the basic drug cycles that are necessary for the plants' supply of nutrients via the reaction of organic matter in soil. Each human body hosts microorganisms for every human cell, and these microbes contribute to digestion, produce vitamin K, promote development of the immune system, and detoxify harmful chemicals. And, of course, microbes are essential to making many foods we enjoy, such as bread, cheese, and wine. Different groups of microorganisms are present in the mucus surface layer, skeleton and tissues. These symbiotic microorganisms benefit their host by various mechanisms, including photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, digestion of complex nutrients and prevention of infections by pathogens. Microorganisms can also be used to degrade the harmful substances and thereby clean up the environment.

Ridhi Kumari

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