Plants play a pivotal role in the existence of all living organisms. The best possible characteristic of a plant is to be a good productive nutritious crop, high-quality yield capacity, disease resistance and stress tolerance power. Biotechnology harnesses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives and the health of our planet. Biotechnology is best known for its role in medicine and pharmaceuticals. It is also applied in other areas such as genomics, food production, and production of biofuels. Plant biotechnology can be defined as the use of tissue culture and genetic engineering techniques to produce genetically modified plants that exhibit new or improved desirable characteristics. Plant biotechnologies that assist in developing new varieties and traits include genetics and genomics, marker-assisted selection (MAS), and transgenic (genetic engineered) crops. Modern plant biotechnology covers a lot more than the transfer of genes between closely related species or varieties of the same species. It is a growing and challenging sector with a wide scope of possibilities.

Janu Padmaprasad

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