Doping is a term used to describe the process of adding material to a semiconductor. This implies that ions are supplied in tiny amounts to the semiconductor, giving it more or fewer free electrons as needed. The charge on the ions determines this. Conductors are more conductive than semiconductors, which are between them. They have a lower conductivity than metals, however they vary from metals in that a semiconductor's conductivity increases with increasing heat. The polarity of the action is reversed in metals. Silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, and elements near the periodic table's "metalloid staircase" are examples of semiconductors. Gallium arsenide, the second most prevalent semiconductor after silicon, is used in laser diodes, solar cells, microwave-frequency integrated circuits, among other things. An electrical circuit component built from a substance that isn't suitable for either conductivity or insulation yet serves as a semiconductor device (hence semiconductor). Compactness, dependability, and low cost have made these gadgets popular.

Payal Jain

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