The cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart every minute (CO). It is the process of blood circulation in the body, especially in the brain and other organs. The most common unit of measurement for cardiac output is L/min. Both heart rate (HR) and stroke volume are adjusted to adapt cardiac output as the body's demand for oxygen changes, such as during exercise (SV). As a result, cardiac output is controlled by a complex mechanism including the autonomic nervous system, endocrine, and paracrine signalling pathways. To learn more about blood flow measurements browse this PPT.

Hima Xavier

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