The programming language Lisp is the oldest programming language which is still used today. Lisp was designed by John McCarthy in 1958. LISP stands for full list processing and was created by John McCarthy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1960. (MIT). LISP is based on the recursive functions mathematical theory (in which a function appears in its own definition). Unlike FORTRAN and ALGOL, a LISP programme is a function applied to data rather than a series of procedural steps. LISP employs a very basic notation in which operations and their operands are listed in parentheses. (+ a (* b c)) stands for a + b*c, for example. The notation works well for computers, despite its ungainly appearance. The list structure is also used in LISP to represent data, and because programmes and data are intertwined, this is a good thing. Because of the intersection of LISP and AI work at MIT, and because AI systems capable of "learning" could be written in LISP as self-modifying programmes, LISP became a frequent language for artificial intelligence (AI) development. Scheme and Common LISP are two dialects of LISP that have evolved through time.

Gokul JL

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