There are two kinds of forces or attractions that operate in a molecule- intramolecular and intermolecular. Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule. Intermolecular forces are forces that exist between molecules. They are essential for nearly every cellular activity. The forces that underlie these interactions include van der Waals dispersion and repulsion, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatics. Types of intramolecular forces of attraction include ionic bond, covalent bond and metallic bonding. Intermolecular forces are much weaker than the intramolecular forces of attraction but are important because they determine the physical properties of molecules like their boiling point, melting point, density, and enthalpies of fusion and vaporization. Types of intermolecular forces that exist between molecules are dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding and London dispersion forces under the category of van der Waal forces.

Ridhi Kumari

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